社区早期健康干预对提高中青年妇女宫颈癌预防知识知晓率及依从性的影响

目的 探究社区早期健康教育对提高中青年妇女宫颈癌预防知识知晓率及依从性的影响。方法 选择2014年2月至2016年2月于上海市闵行区内各个社区接受普查且巴氏涂片异常的220例中青年妇女,随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组给于口头或发放健康宣传资料,并嘱进一步检查,观察组在此基础上同时给予其他早期健康干预措施,包括公益讲座、免费咨询、专人制定就诊计划、建立个人档案、予以定向转诊、实施转诊绿色通道。再对比两组宫颈预防知识知晓率与就诊、随访依从性。结果 干预后,观察组宫颈癌预防知识知晓率为100.0%显著高于对照组63.6%(P<0.05)；观察组平衡饮食依从性为86.4%,规律生活依从性为85.5%,性生活卫生依从性为99.1%,定期检查依从性为99.1%,均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 社区中青年妇女给予早期健康教育,可显著提高其宫颈癌预防知识知晓率及依从性,有效保障了妇女身心健康,值得推广采用。
Objective To evaluate the effect of early community health intervention on the awareness of cervical cancer prevention and compliance to healthy life style in young and middle-aged women. Methods Two hundred and twenty women aged 19-49 years in Shanghai Minghang District who underwent PAP smear examination and presented with abnormal results from February 2014 to February 2016 were randomly divided into two groups. Oral health education or health promotional materials were given to women in control group (n=110), while early health intervention measures were given to women in intervention group (n=110), including public lecture, free counselling, medical plan, personal profile, direct referral through green channel. The awareness and knowledge about prevention and diagnosis of cervical cancer were evaluated 6 months after intervention, and the compliance of health behavior was documented during follow-up. Results The awareness and knowledge about cervical cancer prevention in intervention group was 100.0% after intervention, which was significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). In intervention group the adherence to balanced diet was 86.4%, to regular life was 85.5%, to healthy sex life was 99.1%, to regular check up was 99.1% after 6 months of intervention, all were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Early health intervention in community can significantly increase the awareness of cervical cancer prevention and compliance to healthy life style for young and middle-age women