纳米靶向化学免疫疗法的研究进展

化疗是肿瘤治疗最常见的手段之一，副作用强且易产生耐药性。纳米技术能够靶向输送有效剂量的化疗药到达肿瘤细胞，而不损伤正常细胞，同时克服肿瘤耐药。肿瘤免疫治疗具有其独特的低毒副作用、高效、预防转移的优势。基于肿瘤疫苗或抗体等免疫刺激因子的免疫疗法将有望在消灭肿瘤的同时预防肿瘤的转移。采用纳米技术能够保护抗原、刺激因子等不被降解，同时靶向作用于肿瘤细胞、肿瘤间质、免疫细胞，从而提高疗效。新型的肿瘤化学免疫制剂引起了广泛的关注，有望在有效地杀死肿瘤的同时刺激肿瘤免疫抗原的暴露以激活免疫系统。本文综述了肿瘤化疗、免疫治疗联合应用的潜能，以及展望纳米技术用于靶向运输化学免疫制剂的未来希望。
Chemotherapy is one of the most common means of cancer treatment, and it has a lot of adverse effects and is easy to produce drug resistance. Nano-technology can be used to deliver effective dose of chemotherapeutic agents to the tumor cells and overcome tumor drug resistance, and it has no damage to normal cells. Tumor immunotherapy has the advantages of low toxicity, high effectiveness and preventing metastasis. Immunotherapy based on tumor vaccine, antibody or other immune-stimulating factor will be expected to destroy tumor and prevent tumor metastasis. Nano-technology can protect antigen and cytokine from degradation and target tumor cells, tumor interstitial or immune cells to improve the outcome. New chemical immune agents may effectively kill tumor cells as well as stimulate tumor immune antigen exposure to activate the immune system. Here, we reviewed the potential of combined application of tumor chemotherapy and immunotherapy and discussed the future of nano-technology for the targeted delivery of chemical immune agents