领悟社会支持和海军官兵急性应激反应的关系:心理弹性的中介效应

目的 探讨心理弹性、领悟社会支持和海军官兵急性应激反应之间的关系。方法 采用心理弹性量表（CD-RISC）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）和军人急性应激反应量表（MASS）对1 457名海军官兵进行问卷调查，获得有效问卷1 348份。运用结构方程模型分析变量之间的关系。结果 领悟社会支持和心理弹性呈正相关（P<0.01），两者分别与军人急性应激反应呈负相关（P<0.01）；心理弹性和领悟社会支持均可独立解释海军官兵急性应激反应方差变异，其中坚韧（β=-0.136，P<0.01）和家庭外支持（β=-0.229，P<0.01）对军人急性应激反应具有负向预测作用；心理弹性在领悟社会支持和军人急性应激反应之间部分中介效应显著，中介效应占总效应的比例为16.22%。结构方程模型拟合良好：χ2/df=27.91/11=2.537，P=0.003；渐进残差均方和平方根（RMSEA）=0.032，比较适配指数（CFI）=0.997，适配度指数（GFI）=0.994，调整后适配度指数（AGFI）=0.986，规准适配指数（NFI）=0.995，相对适配指数（RFI）=0.986，增值适配指数（IFI）=0.997，非规准适配指数（TLI）=0.992。结论 领悟社会支持对海军官兵急性应激反应既存在直接影响，也通过心理弹性的中介效应发挥间接影响作用。
Objective To investigate the relationships among resilience, perceived social support and acute stress reaction of naval soldiers. Methods Connor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC), perceived social support scale (PSSS) and the military acute stress scale (MASS) were used to investigate 1 348 naval soldiers. The relationships among the involved variables were analyzed by structural equation model. Results Perceived social support was positively correlated with resilience in the participants (P<0.01), and both resilience and perceived social support were negatively correlated with the military acute stress reaction (P<0.01); both of them could independently explain the variance of acute stress reaction of navy soldiers, in which strength (β=-0.136, P<0.01) and external family support (β=-0.229, P<0.01) had significant negative predictive effects on military acute stress reaction. The mediating effect of resilience was significant between military acute stress reaction and perceived social support, accounting 16.22% of the total effect. The model fitting was good:χ2/df=27.91/11=2.537, P=0.003; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.032, comparative fit index (CFI)=0.997 and goodness-of-fit index (GFI)=0.994, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI)=0.986, normed fit index (NFI)=0.995, relative fit index (RFI)=0.986, incremental fitness index (IFI)=0.997 and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI)=0.992. Conclusion Perceived social support has direct effect on acute stress reaction of navy soldiers, and it also has indirect influence on the acute stress reaction through the mediating effect of resilience