美军战伤救治中的疼痛管理

在阿富汗战争和伊拉克战争中，由于美军医疗技术和装备的升级，以及伤员快速撤离流程的优化，战争死亡率大幅度降低。随着战争伤员生存率的显著提升，战伤救治中疼痛管理的重要性也相应增加。美军在五级战伤救治体系中实施疼痛的分级管理策略，这对我军战伤救治中的疼痛管理具有重要的借鉴意义。本文就美军在伤员救治体系中的疼痛管理作一综述，对治疗药物和方案的利弊进行简要分析，并提出美军方案对我军今后疼痛管理改进的启示。
In Afghanistan and Iraqi war, the war mortality has been greatly reduced due to the upgrading of United States medical technology and equipment and the optimization of the rapid evacuation of the wounded. With the improvement of survival rate, pain management is more important in the combat casualty care in United States army. The United States army implements a grading pain management strategy in the 5-level combat casualty care system, which may be an important reference for Chinese military. This paper reviews the current pain management for combat casualty care of United States army, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of therapeutic drugs and protocols, and highlights the enlightenment on improving pain management in Chinese military in future