巨噬细胞在骨折愈合过程中作用的研究进展

炎性反应对骨折愈合初期血肿形成、组织碎片清除及纤维组织生成具有重要作用。M1、M2型巨噬细胞分别通过促炎、抗炎作用参与骨折愈合过程。巨噬细胞分泌的肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素等细胞因子可调节成骨/破骨细胞活性。骨组织生物工程学研究通过功能型组织工程调节骨折局部炎性反应，可促进血管新生及骨折愈合。因此，探究巨噬细胞在骨折愈合过程中的作用可以为促进骨折愈合提供新思路。
Inflammatory reaction plays an important role in hematoma formation, tissue debris removal and fibrous tissue formation during the first stage of fracture healing. M1 and M2 macrophages participate in the process of fracture healing through pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects, respectively. Tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin and other cytokines secreted by macrophages can regulate the activities of osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Bone tissue bioengineering studies found that functional tissue engineering can promote angiogenesis and fracture healing by regulating inflammatory reaction. Therefore, exploring the role of macrophages in the process of fracture healing may provide new insights for promoting fracture healing