肝脏干细胞研究与应用存在的问题及对策

干细胞是目前生物医学的研究热点之一。近年研究发现肝脏中存在多种具有不同标志物的干细胞，在肝脏再生中具有重要作用；自体及异体干细胞移植治疗终末期肝病也取得了一定进展。但肝干细胞的来源及标志物尚未完全阐明，肝干细胞的增殖和分化调控机制仍有待深入研究。随着谱系追踪技术、干细胞分离和培养体系的发展与成熟，肝干细胞的来源及其在肝再生中的作用将会进一步明确，肝病干细胞治疗有望成为现实。
Stem cell has been one of the focuses in current biomedical research. It has been well documented that there are various liver stem cells (LSCs) with different markers in liver, and they play important roles in liver regeneration. Moreover, some progresses have been made in autologous and allogeneic stem cells transplantation for the treatment of end-stage liver diseases. However, the origin and markers of LSCs have not been fully clarified, and the mechanism involved in LSCs proliferation and differentiation remains to be deeply studied. With the improvements of lineage tracing technique and stem cell isolation and culture system, it is believed that the origin of LSCs and their role in liver regeneration will be further clarified, and LSCs treatment for liver diseases will soon become a reality