广西某血站献血员巴贝虫感染情况调查

目的 调查分析广西某采血站献血员感染巴贝虫情况, 提供我国巴贝虫的流行病学基础资料, 也为安全输血提供科学依据。 方法 于2013年从广西某血站搜集抗凝输血袋残留血, 共计1 900份, 采用巴贝虫属18S rRNA和β-tubulin的引物Nest-PCR、形态学观察及间接荧光免疫方法(IFA), 对献血员血液内的巴贝虫感染情况进行检测。 结果 广西某采血站献血员血液内巴贝虫感染总阳性率为2.53%(48/1 900), 均为田鼠巴贝虫(Babesia microti), 巴贝虫属18S rRNA引物扩增灵敏度远高于β-tubulin引物。显微镜检查有38份标本在红细胞内发现有核呈圆形且致密、胞质呈环形且纤细的环状体, 巴贝虫属18S rRNA的Nest-PCR阳性标本血清IFA在抗体滴度≥1:64未观察到特异性荧光, 视为阴性。 结论 健康献血员中存在一定比例的Babesia microti感染率, 对于有免疫功能低下的接受输血者来说, 应当增加输血样本的巴贝虫检测。
Objective To know about the Babesia infection situation in the blood donors in Guangxi, China, so as to provide a basical epidemical date, and to provide scientific proofs for safety blood transfusion. Methods A total of 1 900 peripheral blood samples were obtained from tubes of used blood bagstaking from Guangxi, China in 2013. Babesia spp. infections in the donors were tested using Babesia 18S rRNA and β-tubulin Nest-PCR, morphological observation, and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Results We found that the positive rate of Babesia infection was 2.53% (48/1 900) in Guangxi, with all cases caused by Babesia microti. The PCR sensitivity of Babesia 18S rRNA primer was much higher than that of β-tubulin. In 38 blood the erythrocytes were found to have circular and dense nuclear, with ring-form thin cytoplasm under microscope. The specific fluorescence was not observed when Nest-PCR positive specimens with IFA at ≥1:64 antibody concentration, and was taken as negative. Conclusion There is a certain proportion of Babesia microti infection in Guangxi. For those patients with immunocompromised condition who needs blood transfusion, Babesia microti should been tested in blood donors