间充质干细胞来源外泌体在肾脏疾病中的研究进展

外泌体是细胞内多泡体与细胞膜融合后分泌到细胞外的纳米级膜性微小囊泡，其在细胞间的物质和信息传递中起重要作用。间充质干细胞（MSC）来源外泌体（MSC-exo）是MSC重要的旁分泌途径，具有促进组织损伤修复与免疫调节等生物学作用。与MSC相比，MSC-exo有其独特的优势。研究显示，MSC-exo在多种肾脏疾病中通过递送蛋白质、信使RNA、微RNA等生物活性分子靶向受损组织，从而减轻肾损伤。本文对MSC-exo在肾脏疾病中的研究进展作一综述。
Exosome is a nanoscale membranous vesicle formed by fusion of multivesicular body with cell membrane and secreted into the extracellular matrix, playing important roles in the intercellular communication of cells. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosome (MSC-exo) is an important paracrine pathway of MSC to promote tissue injury repair and immune regulation. Compared with the MSC, MSC-exo has specific advantages. Recent research reveals that MSC-exo targets the damaged tissues to ameliorate kidney injury by delivery of protein, mRNA and microRNA. In this review, we summarized the research progress of MSC-exo in kidney diseases