军人焦虑敏感性和心理健康关系:心理弹性的中介效应

目的 探讨军人焦虑敏感性（anxiety sensitivity，AS）、心理弹性（resilience，RS）和心理健康之间的关系。方法 抽取某部260名现役军人，采用AS指数量表Ⅲ（ASI-3）、Conner-Davidson心理弹性量表（CD-RISC）、症状自评量表进行调查，运用结构方程模型分析变量间关系。结果 收回有效问卷240份，有效率为92.3%。军人AS和心理健康水平在服役年限、是否独生子女、职别、文化程度、入伍前户籍等人口学变量方面的差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）；高AS军人症状自评量表总分和各因子得分均高于低AS军人（P<0.01）。相关分析结果显示，军人症状自评量表总分与ASI-3总分（r=0.487，P<0.001）和各因子得分呈正相关（r躯体关注=0.435，r社会关注=0.455，r认知关注=0.445；P<0.001），与CD-RISC各因子得分呈负相关（r坚韧=-0.315，r力量=-0.321，r乐观=-0.227；P<0.001）。结构方程模型和Sobel检验结果显示，AS能通过RS间接影响军人心理健康：χ2/df=20.222/12=1.685 2，P=0.063，拟合优度指数（GFI）=0.977，调整拟合优度指数（AGFI）=0.946，规范拟合指数（NFI）=0.977，相对拟合指数（RFI）=0.960，增值拟合指数（IFI）=0.991，Tucker-Lewis系数（TLI）=0.983，比较拟合指数（CFI）=0.990，近似误差均方根（RMSEA）=0.054。结论 RS在军人AS与心理健康之间起部分中介效应，应重点关注高AS军人心理健康问题，提高RS，以改善其心理健康状况。
Objective To investigate the relationship between anxiety sensitivity (AS), resilience and mental health of soldiers. Methods A total of 260 soldiers were selected from an army troop, and were surveyed by anxiety sensitivity index Ⅲ (ASI-3), Conner-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) and self-reporting inventory (SCL-90). The relationships of these variables were analyzed by structure equation modeling analysis. Results Totally 240 (92.3%) valid questionnaires were collected. There were no significant differences in AS or mental health between soldiers with different demographic factors including service length, single-child or not, job division, educational level, or residence before entering army (P>0.05). The total score of SCL-90 and each factor scores of soldiers with high-AS were significantly higher than those with low-AS (P<0.01). The correlation analysis results showed that the total score of SCL-90 was positively correlated with the total score and each factor score of ASI-3 (rASI=0.487, rsomatic=0.435, rsocial=0.455, rcognitive=0.445; P<0.001), and was negatively correlated with each factor score of CD-RISC (rtenacity=0.315, rstrength=0.321, roptimism=0.227; P<0.001). Structural equation modeling analysis and Sobel test showed that AS indirectly affected the mental health of soldiers through the mediating effect of resilience (χ2/df=20.222/12=1.685 2, P=0.063, goodness of fit index[GFI]=0.977, adjusted goodness of fit index[AGFI]=0.946, normed fit index[NFI]=0.977, relative fit index[RFI]=0.960, incremental fit index[IFI]=0.991, Tucker-Lewis index[TLI]=0.983, comparative fit index[CFI]=0.990, and root mean square error approximation[RMSEA]=0.054). Conclusion RS has partial mediating effect on the relationship between AS and mental health of soldiers. More attention should be paid on the