长链非编码RNA在天然免疫中的功能效应及分子机制

在哺乳动物的基因组转录本中，长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）绝对数量大、种类多，是一个重要的类群。LncRNA可以通过碱基互补配对或折叠成特殊三维空间结构等方式，与蛋白质、RNA、DNA等其他生物分子相互作用，发挥着多种生物学功能，共同构成了一个复杂而精细的调控网络。越来越多的研究表明lncRNA在天然免疫中有重要的调控作用，如调控免疫细胞分化、调节炎性细胞因子的分泌以及参与病毒等病原体和宿主的相互作用等。笔者结合近年来天然免疫相关lncRNA的研究发现，讨论lncRNA相关生物学效应，着重阐述其分子机制，并讨论天然免疫相关的lncRNA研究策略和技术进展。
In genomic transcripts of mammalians, long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is an important group due to its considerable absolute number as well as numerous types. By means of base complimentary paring or spatial conjunction with certain three-dimensional structures, different lncRNAs interact with other biological molecules such as proteins, RNAs and DNAs to exert different biological functions. Together, they constitute a regulatory network both intricate and delicate. More and more researches show that lncRNAs play important roles in the regulation of innate immunity, such as determining differentiation of innate immune cells, adjusting expression of inflammatory factors and participating in host-virus interaction. In this review, we described the biological effects of lncRNAs in innate immunity, and further illuminated the molecular mechanisms. Finally, we discussed the strategies and technologies for carrying out researches on innate immunity-related lncRNAs