上海市嘉定区民办幼儿园学龄前儿童龋病与生长发育及营养的关系

目的 了解上海市嘉定区民办幼儿园学龄前儿童口腔健康状况，探讨龋病与生长发育及营养的关系。方法 2015年4月至2016年6月，按照知情同意的原则，对上海市嘉定区民办幼儿园5 755名学龄前儿童进行口腔检查，并测量身高、体质量，检测血红蛋白水平，分析不同体质量指数（BMI）及血红蛋白水平对龋病的影响。结果 上海市嘉定区民办幼儿园学龄前儿童患龋率为50.67%（2 916/5 755）。随着BMI的升高，患龋率下降，差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）；肥胖和消瘦儿童的龋均高于正常儿童，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。贫血儿童（血红蛋白<110 g/L）的患龋率及龋均高于正常儿童，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 学龄前儿童乳牙龋齿与生长发育及营养关系密切。
Objective To investigate the oral health status of preschool children in private kindergartens in Jiading District of Shanghai, and to analyze the relationship between dental caries and growth and nutrition. Methods From Apr. 2015 to Jun. 2016, 5 755 preschool children in private kindergartens in Jiading District of Shanghai were examined by oral examination according to the principle of informed consent. The height, weight, and hemoglobin level of the children were measured, and the effects of body mass index (BMI) and hemoglobin level on dental caries were analyzed. Results The dental caries rate of preschool children was 50.67% (2 916/5 755) in private kindergartens in Jiading District of Shanghai. The prevalence of dental caries was significantly decreased with the increase of BMI (P<0.01). The decayed, missing and filled tooth (DMFT) of children with obesity or thinness was significantly higher than that of normal children (P<0.05). The prevalence of dental caries and DMFT of children with anemia (hemoglobin level<110 g/L) were significantly higher than those of the normal children (P<0.05). Conclusion Dental caries is closely associated with growth and nutrition of preschool children in Jiading District of Shanghai