负载型固体碱对废弃油脂的脱酸脱色效果研究

脱酸与脱色处理是废弃油脂回收利用预处理工艺中的关键环节。采用浸渍法制备活性炭(AC)/活性白土(AB)复合型固体碱,借助X射线衍射、氮气吸附表征固体碱性能,并使用固体碱对废弃油脂进行脱酸脱色处理,考察载体配比、浸渍液浓度、固体碱用量、反应时间、反应温度对脱除游离酸和有色杂质的影响。结果表明:制备固体碱的最佳工艺参数为AC∶AB=6∶4,浸渍液浓度为10 g/L;脱酸-脱色处理时的最佳工艺参数为固体碱用量为150 mg/g,反应时间为30 min,反应温度为70 ℃;在该条件下,废弃油脂的脱色率为54.77％,脱酸率为90.91％。
Deacidification and decolorization are key processes of waste oil pretreatment. The solid base was made by immersion method, using activated carbon (AC) and activated bentonite (AB) as support, which was characterized by X-ray fluorescence, nitrogen adsorption. Influences of support ratio, concentration of impregnation solution, solid base amount, reaction time and reaction temperature on removal of free acid and colored impurities were investigated. The results show that the optimum parameters of solid base preparation are that AC∶AB=6∶4 and the concentration of impregnating solution is 10 g/L. The optimum operating conditions of this one-step process are that the amount of solid base is 150 mg/g, the reaction time is 30 min and the reaction temperature is 70 ℃. Under these conditions, the decoloration rate of waste oil reaches 54.77％ and the deacidification rate is as high as 90.91％