黄牛呼吸道IgA分泌细胞和淋巴组织分布的研究

[目的] IgA在呼吸道抵抗外来病原微生物的黏膜免疫中发挥着至关重要的作用，了解黄牛呼吸道IgA分泌细胞和淋巴组织的分布尤为重要。[方法] 本试验运用免疫组织化学技术和组织学技术对5头7岁健康婆罗门黄牛的鼻黏膜、气管、肺内支气管、肺组织的IgA分泌细胞和淋巴组织的分布进行了详细研究。[结果] 黄牛的鼻黏膜、气管、肺内支气管、肺中均分布有IgA分泌细胞，且主要分布于黏膜上皮下以及腺体周围。其数量在鼻黏膜中最多，气管次之，肺内支气管和肺组织中IgA分泌细胞较少。此外，从鼻黏膜到肺内支气管黏膜下均分布有较多的淋巴组织。[结论] 黄牛鼻腔黏膜是较好的黏膜免疫诱导位点。该结果为牛呼吸道黏膜免疫及呼吸道疾病防治提供了理论依据。
[Objectives] IgA is crucial for the mucosal immune system in respiratory tract. It is important to understand the distribution of IgA secreting cells and lymphoid tissue in the respiratory tract of cattle.[Methods] Nasal mucosa, trachea, pulmonary bronchial and lung from five health cattles were collected and the distribution of IgA secreting cells and lymphoid tissues was tested by immunohistochemistry and histological methods.[Results] The results showed that the IgA secreting cells were distributed mainly underneath the mucosal epithelium and around the glands in nasal mucosa and trachea of cattle. The number of the IgA secreting cells in the respiratory tract was counted by image system. The number of the IgA secreting cells reduced from nasal mucosa to lung. Also a lot of lymphoid tissue existed underneath epithelium of the nasal mucosa and the pulmonary bronchial of lung.[Conclusions] Our results indicated the nasal mucosa could be used as an effective induction site in cattle. The study also provided a foundation and knowledge to respiratory mucosa immunity of cattle