传统与现代工艺金华火腿蛋白质的体外消化特性研究

[目的]比较传统与现代2种加工工艺条件下金华火腿蛋白质的消化特性。[方法]以传统工艺和现代工艺的金华火腿为材料，通过体外模拟胃肠道消化反应，样品经过匀浆、胃蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶消化后，测定蛋白质消化率和匀浆物粒径，并进行SDS-PAGE分析，运用LC-MS/MS分析消化产物。[结果]经胃蛋白酶和/或胰蛋白酶消化后，现代工艺火腿的消化率显著高于传统工艺（P<0.05）。酶解消化前后，现代工艺火腿的粒径值要显著小于传统工艺。SDS-PAGE凝胶条带分析结果显示：未经消化的样品条带中，传统工艺火腿的大部分蛋白条带光密度显著高于现代工艺，而经过胃蛋白酶消化后，大部分高分子质量条带消失，只有小分子质量条带在凝胶底部被采集。LC-MS/MS分析表明：传统工艺火腿蛋白质酶解产物含有的相对分子质量为1 500~2 500的肽段多于现代工艺，并且2种工艺下的火腿蛋白酶解产物大多来自于肌原纤维蛋白，尤其是肌球蛋白。[结论]现代工艺火腿的蛋白质消化特性优于传统工艺。
[Objectives]The aim of this study is to compare the in vitro digestibility of protein from Jinhua ham between traditional and modern processes. [Methods]The hams were made by traditional and modern processes. The samples were homogenized and digested by pepsin and trypsin. The protein digestion properties were evaluated by protein digestibility,particle size measurement,SDS-PAGE,and LC-MS/MS. [Results]Whether it was digested by pepsin or by pepsin and trypsin,the digestibility of hams made by modern process was significantly higher than those made by traditional process(P<0.05). The particle size of hams made by modern process was significantly lower than those made by traditional process before and after enzymatic hydrolysis. SDS-PAGE revealed the majority of band intensities of hams made by traditional process were significantly higher than those by modern process before enzymatic hydrolysis. The majority of band intensities were significantly lower for hams made by traditional process than those by modern process after pepsin digestion. The majority of bands disappeared and only smaller-molecular-weight fragments were collected at the bottom of the gels after pepsin and trypsin digestion. LC-MS/MS analysis revealed that hams made by traditional process had the greatest number of 1 500-2 500 molecular weight peptides in digested products,and most of the sample’s digested products came from myofibril protein,especially from myosin. [Conclusions]The protein digestion property of Jinhua ham made by modern process was better than that of Jinhua ham made by traditional process