芽胞杆菌抗菌二肽溶杆菌素的研究进展

抗菌二肽溶杆菌素（Bacilysin）由L-丙氨酸残基和L-不典型的氨基酸抗荚膜菌素（Anticapsin）残基组成，是目前已知的芽胞杆菌合成的结构最简单的肽类抗菌物质之一。Bacilysin的作用靶标6-磷酸葡萄糖胺合成酶是微生物细胞壁合成关键酶，它对真菌和细菌都具有广谱的抗菌活性，因此，Bacilysin在农业和医药领域具有广阔的应用前景，近年来成为了天然产物的研究热点。本文综述了Bacilysin在生物合成途径及调控、抗菌功能和作用机制等方面的研究进展，提出Bacilysin在生产实践中存在的主要问题并展望了Bacilysin的研究趋势，以期为Bacilysin的研发和应用提供参考。
The dipeptide Bacilysin is one of the simplest known peptide antibiotics that contains on L-alanine residue and the nonproteinogenic amino acid L-Anticapsin. Bacilysin possesses a strong antagonistic activity against a wide range of bacteria and also fungus. Its target(glucosamine synthetase) is responsible for bacterial peptidoglycan or fungal mannoprotein biosynthesis. Hence,Bacilysin has a wide application prospect in the agricultural and medical fields and becomes the hotspot of natural products. In this study,we summarized the research progress of biosynthetic pathway,regulation and action mechanism of Bacilysin. Meanwhile,we point out the main problems in the production of Bacilysin and forecast the future direction. We hope it could provide a guidance for the study and application of Bacilysin in the future