基于数字进化研究大灭绝对群落稳定性和协调停滞现象出现的影响

[目的]协调停滞现象是间断平衡理论的延伸，它描述了多物种群落的长期稳定性，基于数字进化的研究对于更全面地解释该现象及其发生机制具有重要意思。[方法]以数字进化为研究手段并结合多种数据分析方法，探讨以互养关系为基础的可控环境中不同的大灭绝条件对协调停滞现象出现及群落各个水平稳定性的影响。[结果]1）在没有灭绝条件干扰的情况下，多数对照组群落结构长期保持稳定；2）大灭绝强度与群落在生态型-表型水平上的稳定性呈显著负相关关系；3）时间穿越入侵试验结果显示，群落成员在"表现"水平出现的停滞现象与群落在其他水平的较高稳定性不符，说明群落的生态稳定性并不能真实地反映停滞的出现；4）群落成员适合度的变化符合"红皇后"过程：任何物种或个体发生有利的进化改变必然会降低群落中其他物种或个体的适合度；5）试验中观察到的停滞现象均是非协调的。[结论]本研究阐明了不同程度和类型大灭绝事件对群落稳定性的影响，有助于增进对多物种群落进化特性的理解。
[Objectives]The phenomenon of coordinated stasis is an extension of punctuated equilibria,which describes the long-term stability of multi-species communities. The research based on digital evolution is significant for understanding the phenomenon and its mechanism more fully. [Methods]In this study,we used digital evolution and multiple data analyses to investigate the effects of different mass extinction treatments on the emergence of coordinated stasis and community stability at different levels in controlled experimental settings that are based on cross-feeding. [Results]The main results indicated:1) Most of the control communities kept stable during long periods of time in community organization without disturbance;2) Community stability at eco-phenotypic levels had significant negative correlation with extinction intensity;3) The stability we found in"time shift invasion trials"was different from the relatively high stability at eco-phenotypic levels;4) Results of the fitness change of community members supported fitness-deterioration interpretation of "Red Queen":any evolutionary advance in one member will entail a loss of fitness in others;5) Stasis we observed from the results was largely uncoordinated. [Conclusions]The effects of different mass extinctions we demonstrated in this study are helpful for better understanding of multi-agent evolutionary systems involving multiple biotic interactions among community members