牛肉和鸡肉膳食对人体内蛋白消化吸收及生理特性的影响

[目的]本文旨在研究短期分别摄入以牛肉和鸡肉为主的膳食对中国汉族男性青年的消化吸收、体质量和生理功能的影响。[方法]45名汉族男性青年志愿者摄食以牛肉为主的膳食2周，再摄食以鸡肉为主的膳食2周，测定各膳食阶段志愿者蛋白质消化、体质量和血液生化指标的变化情况。[结果]不同膳食阶段人体粪便蛋白质及其酶解产物不同。牛肉膳食阶段人体粪便样品酶解肽段中极性较大的肽段更多，更容易被酶解。牛肉膳食阶段志愿者的体质量变化显著高于鸡肉膳食阶段，血液中总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、葡萄糖、平均血红蛋白量、平均血红蛋白浓度、红细胞体积分布宽度的变化显著低于鸡肉膳食阶段，单核细胞、嗜碱性粒细胞、巨大不成熟细胞、平均血小板体积、血小板体积分布宽度、血小板压积的变化显著高于鸡肉膳食阶段。牛肉膳食阶段与鸡肉膳食阶段志愿者血压及血液中甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、淋巴细胞等指标变化不明显。[结论]分别摄入以牛肉和鸡肉为主的膳食会对人体消化吸收、体质量和血液指标产生不同的影响。
[Objectives]This study aimed to explore the impact of the short-term intake of beef and chicken-based diets on digestion,absorption,body weight and physiological responses of young men of the Han nationality in China.[Methods]During the experiment,45 young men of the Han nationality received the beef-based diet for two weeks,and then the chicken-based diet for another two weeks. Their protein digestion,body weight and blood biochemical indexes were analyzed.[Results]The human faecal,protein and digested products showed difference between the beef-based diet and the chicken-based diet. More polar peptides were found in the human feces samples for the beef-based diet,which were easier to be digested by enzymes. During the period of beef-based diet,the body weight of the volunteers was significantly higher than that in the chicken-based diet. And the change of total cholesterol,low density lipoprotein,glucose,mean corpuscular hemoglobin,mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and red blood cell distribution width were significantly lower than those who were subjected to chicken-based diet,but the changes of monocytes,basophils,huge immature cell,mean platelet volume,platelet distribution width and plateletcrit were higher. There were no significant changes in blood pressure,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein and lymphocytes between the beef-based diet and the chicken-based diet.[Conclusions]The beef-based diet and the chicken-based diet have different impacts on digestion,absorption,body weight and blood biochemical indexes