葡萄基因组无内含子基因生物信息学及其表达分析

[目的]本文旨在研究葡萄（Vitis vinifera）无内含子基因的结构特征、功能以及表达特点。[方法]对葡萄19条染色体上4 906个（占整个基因组的13.8%）无内含子基因情况进行分析，并研究了无内含子基因的亚细胞结构、GO功能类型以及基因在不同组织的表达情况。[结果]葡萄无内含子基因数与每条染色体长度和染色体的基因总数存在正相关关系，每条染色体上无内含子基因占染色体上基因总数的1.2%~1.5%，同时无内含子基因在同一条染色体上的分布是不均匀的，更偏向富集于染色体的两端。葡萄无内含子基因的平均长度为997 bp，比总基因的平均长度短，是总基因长度的1/5。葡萄无内含子基因的亚细胞定位表明，基因产物分布在叶绿体上的数最多，线粒体上几乎没有。基因功能预测结果表明，葡萄无内含子基因主要为生长因子、转录调控、电压门控离子通道以及结构蛋白4种，其中更多参与生长调节。葡萄无内含子基因在不同组织中的表达水平低于有内含子的基因。[结论]葡萄无内含子基因与有内含子基因相比长度较短，表达水平较低。
[Objectives]The aim of this paper is to study the structure,function and expression analysis of grape intronless genes in the era of genomics.[Methods]About 4 906 intronless genes(13.8% of the entire genome)on grape 19 chromosomes are used as experimental materials. The distribution,length,subcellular structure and functional classification of intronless genes and gene expression in different tissues are statistically analyzed by a number of bioinformatics software.[Results]The results showed that the number of intronless genes in grape was positively related to the length of each chromosome and the total number of genes on chromosomes. And the intronless genes accounted for 1.2%-1.5% of the total number of genes on each chromosome. They were not well distributed,and were more enriched at the both ends of chromosomes. The average length of grape intronless genes was 997 bp,shorter than that of the total gene,and was 1/5 of the total genes’ length. Subcellular localization of the intronless genes in grape suggested that the gene products were mostly distributed on the chloroplast,and none on the mitochondrion. Gene functional prediction results showed that grape intronless genes were growth factors,transcription regulation,voltage-gated ion channel and structural proteins,and most of them were involved in growth regulating process. The expressions of intronless genes in different tissues were generally lower than those of intron-containing genes.[Conclusions]The length and expression level of intronless genes are shorter and lower than that of intron-containing genes of grape