母猪运动监测低功耗耳标设备研究

[目的]行为是评价动物健康和福利状况的重要指标之一。针对动物穿戴设备的低功耗和体积小等功能需求，研究一种用于监测围产期母猪运动的低功耗无线加速度采集设备，并将其与RFID标签集成为一个耳标设备以方便佩戴。[方法]将耳标设备的工作模式与母猪行为类型相关联。首先测量耳标设备在1个数据采集周期中休眠、读加速度和无线发送3种工作状态的电流消耗，确定无线发送是最耗电能的阶段；然后分析母猪休息、活动和采食3种类型行为的加速度数据波动特征，提出当数据波动小于阈值（0.088 g）时，使耳标设备处于深度休眠状态，反之，则采集20组数据后进行一次性传输的方法；最后利用8头母猪进行加速度数据采集试验，计算耳标设备的功耗。[结果]研究了一种体积小功耗低的耳标设备及方法，该设备的平均电流功耗为0.014 5 mA，利用1个电压为3 V容量230 mA？h的纽扣电池供电可连续工作663 d。[结论]该方法相比传统的固定周期性采集方法降低了95%的功耗，能够长期稳定地采集母猪加速度数据。
[Objectives]Monitoring animal behavior has always been a subject of great interest since behavior is one of the most important indexes when evaluating their health and welfare. According to low current consumption and small size of wearable equipment,the aim of this research is to develop a sows’ behavior monitoring device based on a wireless sensor and its integration with an ear tag for wearing easily.[Methods]The working model of the device was correlated to sows activities. Firstly,the current consumption of the ear-attached device in different states was measured to confirm that the most energy was spent in wireless transmission. Then,the sow acceleration data fluctuation characteristics of different types of behavior were analyzed. The deep sleep mode of the device was associated to the sows resting activity. The device sent twenty sets of acceleration data one time when the data fluctuation exceeded the threshold. However,the device was in deep sleep mode if the data fluctuation was smaller than the threshold. Finally,the acceleration data was collected from eight sows using the eat-attached device,during which energy consumption was calculated.[Results]An energy saving device with small volume was developed to monitor sows’ activity. The mean of average current of the eight sensors was as low as 0.014 5 mA. The device,power supplied by cell battery,which was 3 V and 230 mA？h,can work continuously for an average of 663 days.[Conclusions]The approach could decrease 95% energy consumption compared with the traditional method,which collects data in fixed cycle. The device could be used for long-term and stable sows’ activities monitoring