打磨方式对上蜡硬木家具表面装饰性能的影响

刮刀刮磨与砂纸砂磨是现代硬木家具制作的两种打磨方式,为合理利用两种打磨方式,以大果紫檀为基材,对打磨后的白坯表面进行了表面粗糙度及微观形貌的比较分析; 并以光身烫蜡、溶剂型漆托蜡与水性漆托蜡为表面涂饰方法,以表面粗糙度、光泽、纹理变化、附着力及耐光性为评定因素,结合环境扫描电镜观察,探究刮刀刮磨与砂纸砂磨所得上蜡家具表面性能的异同点。结果表明:刮刀刮磨所得白坯表面粗糙度与600#砂纸砂磨所得一致,均小于240#砂纸砂磨的; 刮刀刮磨的上蜡材表面粗糙度显著大于砂纸砂磨的。砂纸砂磨与刮刀刮磨在光身烫蜡材的横纹及顺纹光泽中均存在显著差异,溶剂型漆托蜡材只有顺纹光泽存在显著差异。砂纸砂磨与刮刀刮磨在光身烫蜡的木材纹理参数变化中存在显著差异。两种打磨方式均可使上蜡涂层获得优良的附着力。光照后两种打磨方式的水性漆托蜡材的色差有显著差异; 光身烫蜡材只有顺纹光泽存在显著差异,溶剂型漆托蜡材的顺纹及横纹光泽均存在显著差异。
Both scraping and sanding are used for polishing hardwood furniture. In order to use these two methods(namely, scraping and sanding)properly, this study evaluated the surface roughness and anatomical features of Burma padauk(Pterocarpus macarocarpus)after polishing. To analyze the effects of scraping and sanding on the surface performance of the waxed wooden furniture, the surface roughness, gloss, texture changes, adhesion and photo-stability of Burma padauk were measured after the direct waxing process and paint-supporting waxing process(both solvent based paint and water based paint)separately. The environment scanning electron microscope(ESEM)was used to observe the surface morphology of the waxed wood. The results showed that: 1)the surface roughness of the scraping and 600 grit sanding were almost equal, and the surface roughness after the 240 grit sanding was significantly greater than that of the scraping and 600 grit sanding; the surface roughness of the waxed wood by scraping was significantly greater than that by sanding; 2)the gloss of direct waxed wood by scraping measured both parallel to grain and perpendicular to grain were significantly greater than those by sanding, but the gloss of solvent-based paint-supporting waxed wood by scraping measured only parallel to grain were significantly greater than that by sanding; 3)the texture changes of the direct waxed wood by scraping was significantly different compared with that by sanding; 4)both methods own excellent adhesion for all the waxed wood samples; 5)color changes of the water-based paint-supporting waxed wood by two polishing methods presented significant different performances based upon irradiation; after the irradiation, the gloss of the direct waxed wood by scraping measured only parallel to grain were significantly greater than that by sanding, but the gloss of the solvent-based paint-supporting waxed wood by scraping measured both parallel to grain and perpendicular to grain were significantly greater than those by sanding