柿炭疽病菌的分离及化学防治药剂的初步筛选

柿炭疽病是柿生产中危害最大的一种病害,在全国产柿区普遍发生。为了筛选生产中能应用于柿炭疽病化学防治的杀菌剂,从山东、广西、河南和陕西4省柿炭疽病标本中分离到27株柿炭疽病菌,从中选取4株进行柿炭疽病化学防治杀菌剂的筛选试验。室内采用菌丝生长速率法测定柿炭疽病菌对7种杀菌剂的敏感性,结果表明:噻菌灵和多菌灵对柿炭疽病菌抑制效果较好,最低抑制浓度(Cmin)均为1 μg/mL; 戊唑醇和苯醚甲环唑次之,Cmin为10 μg/mL; 速克灵和嘧霉胺较差,在10 μg/mL时抑制率还不到50%; 扑海因在5 μg/mL时表现出强烈的抑制作用,但在10 μg/mL时抑制率又降低。杀菌剂对柿炭疽病的防治效果仍需进一步的毒力测定及田间试验以确认。
Anthracnose is one of the most harmful diseases on persimmon,which almost happens all over the areas producing persimmon in China.To select fungicides that can be applied in chemical controlling of the disease,the paper used four strains of pathogens of persimmon anthracnose as object to select fungicides,the pathogens were selected from 27 samples of persimmon anthracnose of four provinces.The paper used the growth rate of mycelium to text the sensitivity of persimmon anthracnose pathogens to seven fungicides,the results showed that Probenazole and Carbendazim exerted better effect on anthracnose pathogens of persimmon,MIC were 1 μg/mL,Tebuconazole followed,MIC was 10 μg/mL.The effect of Procymidone and Pyrimethanil were worse,inhibition rate was less than 50% when MIC were 10 μg/mL.For iprodione,when MIC was 5 μg/mL,it showed a strong inhibition effect,while at 10 μg/mL the inhibition rate decreased.To confirm the effect of fungicides,further virulence and field trials are needed