大兴安岭森林火灾NO和SO2释放量的估算

在黑龙江省大兴安岭林区森林火灾时空格局研究的基础上，通过野外调查采样和室内试验相结合，应用排放因子法，估算大兴安岭林区7种主要林型乔木、灌木、草本及地被可燃物层1980―2005年间有毒气体的释放量。结果表明：大兴安岭25年间主要乔木、灌木、草本及地被可燃物层NO的释放量为0.14 ~0.17 Tg，平均每年释放0.005~0.007 Tg，占黑龙江省生物质燃烧NOx年均释放量的15.0%~18.3%；SO2的释放量为0.25~0.27 Tg，平均每年释放0.010~0.011 Tg，占黑龙江省生物质燃烧SO2年均释放量的58.8%~64.7%，是黑龙江省农业秸秆燃烧SO2年均释放量的1.25~1.38倍。由此可见，黑龙江省生物质燃烧导致SO2污染森林火灾贡献率最大。
In this paper, emission factor was used to estimate the emission of NO and SO2 from arbor, shrub, herbage and litter in seven main forest types from 1980 to 2005. The research was based on the study on temporal and spatial pattern of forest fire in the Da Hinggan Mountains, Heilongjiang Province and employed both fieldwork and laboratory tests. The results showed that the 25 years’ emission of NO in the Da Hinggan Mountains was 0.14-0.17 Tg with average annual emi？？ssion of 0.005-0.007 Tg，which accounted for 15.0%-18.3% of the NOx emission by biomass burning in Heilongjiang Province. The SO2 emission in the same period was 0.25-0.27 Tg. The annual emission was 0.010-0.011 Tg. That was 58.8%-64.7% of the SO2 emission by biomass burning and 1.25-1.38 times of the SO2 emitted by the burning of agricultural straw. It can be concluded that forest fire was the main contributor of the biomass？？caused SO2 emission