紫茎泽兰杆热解气化及其产物研究

紫茎泽兰是一个外来入侵物种,繁殖能力强,对生态会造成一定的破坏。以紫茎泽兰杆为原料,通过热重分析其失重行为,并以无害化全面利用为目的,进行热解气化多联产试验,分析其三相产品构成。结果表明:紫茎泽兰杆的挥发分(77.21%)及C元素含量(41.44%)较高,热值为12.78 MJ/kg,热解时的质量损失主反应区间为160～375 ℃。紫茎泽兰杆热解气化试验中的气体产量为1.91 Nm3/kg,炭得率为21.23%(干基),液体产物得率为23.20%,分析出的23种化合物中乙酸含量最高(23.96%)。紫茎泽兰杆气化炭的固定碳含量较高(80.36%),热值为25.88 MJ/kg,比表面积及平均孔径分别为142.66 m2/g和4.41 nm,益于植物生长的K、Ca、P元素含量较高,有毒有害重金属Cr低于肥料用有害重金属标准限值,紫茎泽兰杆可用于机制炭和碳基肥料等的生产。
Eupatorium adenophorum has rapid growth ability, which results in serious problems of ecological damage and economic losses. To comprehensively utilize E. adenophorum, we used its stem as raw material to produce value-added pyrolysis products. The polygeneration test of pyrolysis and gasification was carried out, and the composition of raw materials and the weight loss were analyzed. The results showed that the volatile content of E. adenophorum stems was 77.21%, and the content of carbon was 41.44%. The calorific value of the E. adenophorum was 12.78 MJ/kg. The mass loss of the main reaction zone during the pyrolysis was 160-375 ℃. When E. adenophorum was in the gasifier(21.15% moisture content gasification condition), its biomass gas calorific value was higher and more stable than that in the pyrolysis condition. The yield of gas was 1.91 m3/kg, the yield of the carbon rod of the E. adenophorum gasification was 21.23%(dry basis), and the yield of liquid product was 23.20%. The highest acetic acid content of the 23 compounds identified was 23.96% and the carbon gasification ash content of E. adenophorum was about 8%, which was not suitable as raw materials for the further processing to produce activated carbon. The fixed carbon content was more than 80%, which can be used to prepare carbon rods for barbecue, combustion and industrial applications. The calorific value of stems of E. adenophorum was 25.88 MJ/kg. The specific surface area was 142.66 m2/g and the average pore diameter was 4.41 nm. The most pores width were 2-10 nm, belonging to mesopores. The contents of K, Ca and P elements were high, which were beneficial to plant growth, and the toxic and harmful heavy metal Cr was below the standard limit for harmful heavy metals used for fertilizers. This study can not only obtain green energy, but also reduce environmental pollution and emission of greenhouse gases, and completely eliminate the breeding harm of E. adenophorum