云杉属植物种子形态及萌发特征的种间变异

在实验室条件下观测了云杉属(Picea)10个树种的种子形态和萌发特性,分析了它们与种源地地理气候因子之间的关系。结果表明:种子长、宽、千粒质量的差异在种间达到极显著水平; 除种子萌发高峰期外,种子发芽率、发芽起始时间和发芽持续时间在种间具有极显著的差异。相关性分析则表明:种子长和宽呈极显著正相关; 种子长、种子宽与千粒质量呈极显著正相关; 而种子千粒质量与发芽率、发芽起始时间和持续时间呈显著正相关; 纬度与种子长、种子宽和千粒质量呈显著正相关; 年均温与种子长、种子宽、千粒质量和发芽持续时间呈显著负相关。因此,纬度和温度是影响云杉属植物个体间种子大小变异的主要因子。
In the laboratory, we observed seed morphology and germination of ten species from Picea genus, and explored the relationships between these seed parameters and geo-climatic factors. Our results indicated that: ① seed length and width, and seed mass of 1 000 grains were very significantly differed among ten tree species in Picea genus; ② seed germination rate, germination start time and germination duration also had significant differences whereas germination peak had no differences among these ten tree species. In addition, the correlation analysis showed: ① seed length was significantly and positively correlated with seed width, and they all were also significantly and positively correlated with seed mass per 1 000, furthermore, the seed mass per 1 000 had significant positive relationships with germination rate, germination start time and duration; ② latitude exhibited significantly and positively relations to seed length and width, and seed mass per 1 000, whereas mean annual temperature showed significantly and negatively relationship with seed length and width, seed mass per 1 000 and seed duration. Therefore, latitude and temperature were primary factors affecting the variation in seed size among ten tree species in Picea genus