南京市早春访花昆虫种类及其行为研究

针对南京地区早春主要开花植物,于2013年3月5日至5月15日,采用捕捉、鉴定、视频、图像采集等方法,对访花昆虫的种类、访花行为、访花频率和日活动规律进行了观察研究。结果表明:南京地区主要开花植物的访花昆虫有7目20科32种,主要类群为双翅目、鳞翅目、膜翅目,其中东方蜜蜂、黄胸木蜂、长木蜂、赤足木蜂、黑颚条蜂、食蚜蝇以及菜粉蝶为主要访花昆虫。它们的弹花频率、每小花停留时间等访花行为受到花色、花的味道、花的结构以及访花昆虫自身结构的影响而表现出不同的特点。
In order to explore flower visiting insect species and make knoweldge of their behavior characteristics, the behavior of visiting, frequency of visiting, duration of stay on each flower of visiting insect were observed by means of collecting, identification, video and image capture from March 5 to May 15, 2013 in Nanjing city. The results showed that 32 species were exactly identified among 38 specimens and belonged to 7 orders, 20 families. The main taxa of visiting insects were Diptera, Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera, among them, Apis cerana, Xylocopa appendiculata, Biluna tranquabarorum, Xylocopa rufipes, Anthophora melanognatha, Syphidae and Pieris rapae were dominant species. The visiting behavior characteristics including tripping frequency, standing time were influenced by color of the flowers, smell of the flowers, structure of flowers and insect body structure