西方理论的中国问题――以学术范式、方法、批评实践为切入点

改革开放以来，西方文艺理论大量进入中国，形成“以西人之话语，议中国之问题”的轨迹。本文拟从思想史角度，以詹姆逊、阿尔都塞、巴赫金为例，探索新的视角，将中国问题作为西方理论本身、内在的问题，来思考中国在西方理论中的意义。本文主要就学术范式与方法和批评实践这几个方面入手，讨论詹姆逊如何运用中国问题的隐喻来建构其文学阐释；阿尔都塞如何把中国马克思主义（毛主义）吸纳到他的核心思想体系即意识形态理论；巴赫金的理论如何从文化转型和文艺批评实践方面与中国形成折叠与对话。
Since Chinese reform and opening-up, western cultural theories have entered China en masse andserved as discursive tools for the debate about China. This paper takes Jameson, Althusser and Bakhtin ascase studies, to explore a new perspective to reflect on the China question intrinsic in ( western ) theories. Thefocuses will be on critical paradigms, methods and practices, through interrogating how Jameson constructshis literary hermeneutics with China question as a metaphor; how Althusser incorporates Chinese Marxism( Maoism ) into one of his core theories of ideology; and how Bakhtin’s theory of cultural transformationconstitutes a dialogic fold with China in comprehending culture history and literary criticism