论评点者对明清小说文本形态的影响

明清时期，在同一部小说的不同版本中，某些批点文字时常被转化成情节文字，由此小说文本形态也随之演变。明清小说评点者融评、改于一体的批评特色，使他们在事实上成为小说的“第二作者”，他们通过对小说文本的增删改易而与作者一起左右着小说文本形态的生成与演变。眉批、夹批、旁批、圈点等评点形态皆依附于小说情节文字，缺乏独立的文本价值；而其他出于评点者之手的种类繁杂、名目不一的附录也有赖于小说文本而得以传播，显然这些“副文本”已成为明清小说文本形态的构成要素。
During the Ming and Qing dynasties，in different versions of the same story，some commentariesand annotations offered by the critics on the margins of previous texts were often converted into an organicpart of the body of the text in the following versions. Therefore，the text of the novel usually underwentsome changes. The literary critics in the Ming and Qing dynasties，whose criticism was characterized by thecombination of commentary and re-wording，actually assumed the role of“ second author”“ . The secondauthors”，collaborating with the original authors，determined the form and evolution of the novels throughaddition，deletion，re-wording and adaptation. However，the annotations and comments they made on themargins of the different copies of the text all depend parasitically on the body of the text，lacking independenttextual value. Other paratexts like appendices，though being important components influencing the forms of thenovels in the Ming and Qing dynasties，also rely on the body text to spread