明清地域商贾与文学

明清是地域商贾相对活跃的时期，有所谓的“十大商帮”或“九大商帮”。系统梳理明清地域商贾与文学互动的传统，应该贴近历史真实，更新研究方法，着力发掘明清时期文学与地域商贾及地域文化等三者之间交叉互动中的历史价值、经济价值与美学价值。明清时期文士与商人的交往方式往往有常态性、特殊性两大类，其中常态性的有士而为商，商而为士；文士为商贾撰写墓碑和传记；商贾拜师学诗文；养士资助，诗酒相会等。考察明清时期文士与商人的交往方式还有某些特殊形态的，这主要一是交流中心的聚集与扩散；二是相似地域流派的接力与流变；三是相异地域商贾与文学的比较；四是地域的本土特色与流动视野。
The Ming and Qing Dynasties are well known for their regional merchants，who formed ten ornine major distinctive groups characterized by the local cultures of their birth places. To examine the interactionbetween the then regional merchants and the literature in that period systematically，we have to take a closerlook at the historical facts，update our research methods，and work out the historical，economic and aestheticvalues of the interaction among the literature，regional merchants and regional cultures. The interactionsbetween the intellectuals and merchants in the Ming and Qing Dynasties can be classified into two categories：a general one and a specific one. The former type covers the following phenomena：the intellectuals becamemerchants or vice versa；the intellectuals wrote biographies for the merchants or composed the text of theinscriptions carved on the tombstones of the deceased merchants；the merchants learned from the intellectualsabout how to read and write；and the merchants sponsored the intellectuals to do literary creations. The studieson the specific patterns should focus on the following issues：the formation of a center for merchant-intellectualinteraction and its influence on other areas；the inheritance and changes in the literary ideas and practicebetween the regional groups which were similar to each other culturally and economically；the comparisonof the merchant-intellectual interactions between the regional groups different from each other in culture andeconomy；and the interaction between the local culture and the cultures in the outside world