权利与权力的博弈：1930 年代“整顿大学”引发的学术论争

自晚清设立大学始，我国大学教育发展便缺乏科学的计划性。民国之后，由于诸多原因，大学管理一直处于较为宽松的环境之中，数量激增，但同时却隐藏着繁荣背后的危机和紊乱。国民政府出于“规范化”“统一化”“科学化”“实用化”以及“党化”等目的，在1930 年代前后开始出台了一系列自上而下的“整顿大学”政策与举措，亦由此引发了朝野上下对于我国大学向何处去的学术争论。1930 年代前后关于大学教育本质、功能、管理、分布等的学术论争，事实上也是我国知识分子对于大学教育进行理论探索的重要成果。
Since the establishment of the first university in the late Qing Dynasty, the development of highereducation in China has been short of scientific planning. After the founding of Republic of China, for a numberof reasons, university management was conducted in a relatively loose environment, in which there was a surgein the number of new universities, but beneath the prosperity there were hidden crises and disorders. Aiming at“standardization” ,“ unification” ,“ scientific development” and“ strengthening Kuomintang’s control” , thethen Chinese government began to take a series of top-down policies and measures to regulate the universitiesover the 1930s. This triggered considerable scholarly controversies over the development of Chinese highereducation. The academic debates about the nature, function, management and distribution of the universityeducation in that period was an important achievement of Chinese scholars’ heoretical exploration of universityeducation