传统身体观:中国人躯体化表达的合法性渊源

在中国传统中,身体并非仅是生理器官的组合,而是一个开放性的动态场域,它外与天地人事相通,内具生理、心理、精神多重功能; 身体的动作与神貌,不仅仅是人体的生理活动与器官功能的体现,更表现主体的切身感悟与情思,成为心理意向的表达途径之一。这一身体观与传统的疾病观、治疗观互相匹配,成为躯体化的主诉方式的合法性渊源。因此,躯体化在中国更应理解为一种普遍而正常的主诉方式,而不是一种不恰当的病症表达方式。
In Chinese tradition, body does not merely mean a collection of organs and tissues but serves as a dynamic field which interacts with outside nature and society, playing biological, psychological and mental functions. The shape and action of body are not only the results of physical activity and organs’ function, but also reflect the internal psychological states and emotions. Hence, body becomes the intermediary of interpersonal communication. This kind of body view matches traditional knowledge of diseases and diagnosing habitus and thus constitutes the validity of the somatization of Chinese patients. In this sense, somatization should be accepted as a normal way of expressing personally recognized diseases rather than an improper one