心理疾病的社会排斥及其对医患关系的影响――基于中国综合社会调查数据的分析

社会排斥指由于受到某一社会团体或他人的排斥和拒绝，在实现个人归属需求和关系需求过程中被阻碍的现象和过程，表现为社会距离的扩大和对被排斥对象的污名化。论文使用中国综合社会调查2011 年的数据，以社会距离和社会污名分问卷数据结果代表社会排斥程度，考察了我国公民对于心理疾病患者的社会排斥情况，然后用中国医生评价分问卷结果作为医患关系评价指标，分析了社会排斥对于医患关系的影响。研究发现：我国公民对处于心理疾病状态的被试具有更强烈的社会排斥，表现出较大的社会距离和较强的社会污名倾向；社会排斥对于医患关系有一定的预测作用，会对和谐的医患关系产生威胁。
Social exclusion refers to the phenomenon and process of being impeded in the realization of one’sbelonging needs and relationship needs due to the rejection by certain social groups or others. Social exclusiontakes many forms, including social distance and stigmatization. In the study, we used the data of ChineseGeneral Social Survey 2011, with the social distance and social stigma questionnaire data representing thedegree of social rejection, to investigate the social exclusion of Chinese citizens with psychological disorders.Then we used the evaluation questionnaire of Chinese doctors with different viewpoints as the index ofdoctor-patient relationship to investigate the influence of social exclusion on doctor-patient relationship. Theresults show that Chinese citizens have stronger social rejection towards subjects with mental illness, such aspatients suffering from depression and schizophrenia, showing greater social distance and strong social stigma.Moreover, social exclusion also has a strong predictive effect on the doctor-patient relationship in China, whichwill threaten the harmonious doctor-patient relationship