我国新兴家庭情境对老年人心理健康的影响：兼谈“三助”结合老年心理援助体系的构建

随着老龄化的加速，对于老年人心理健康的研究也日益增多，但有关老年心理健康的研究并没有得出一致的结论：有研究指出，老年人的心理健康水平较高；但也有研究认为，老年人的心理问题不容忽视。这种不一致的结果可能源于不同研究中老年人所处的情境不一样。当前，居家养老依然是我国老年人选择的主要养老形式之一，因此本文以隔代抚养、失独和啃老为例，探讨新兴的家庭情境对于老年人心理健康的影响。在此基础上，对该领域今后的研究和实践提出展望。在此基础上，初步提出自助、互助、专业帮助“三助”结合的老年心理援助体系，以期为关爱老年心理的实践提出有效途径。
Studies on old people’s mental health keeps on increasing with the growth of aging population.However，a well-accepted finding remains unaccomplished. Some studies showed that most old people’s levelof mental health is high，while other studies revealed that the psychological distresses of old people should notbe ignored. The contradiction of these studies may come from the differences in the situation where old peoplelive. As home-based care for the aged people is still the first choice of most Chinese old people nowadays，three kinds of Chinese emerging family situations，i.e. grandparenting，loss of independence and NEET (notin education，employment or training)，are used in this article to describe the influences of Chinese emergingfamily situations on old people’s mental health. Lastly，some suggestions about research and practice in thisfiled are also put forward. Based on these reviews，a psychological assistance program (characterized by thecombination of self help，interpersonal help and professional help，i.e“. three helps”) for old people’s mentalhealth is also discussed