马克思的国家治理思想及当代价值――习近平新时代中国特色社会主义国家治理思想研究

习近平新时代中国特色社会主义初级阶段治国理政思想是建立在马克思主义国家观基础之上的。国家观是马克思历史观中的重要内容。对国家问题的研究和批判，不仅是实现其哲学观变革的必要步骤和确立实践唯物主义原则的必备环节，也是马克思成就自己的社会学思想和政治学理论的决定性因素。如果说早期对黑格尔国家观和法哲学的批判只是为了确立自己的哲学立场，并为后续的社会批判寻求到可靠的哲学基地，那么，马克思在1845 年之后的研究则展现出了他明显的政治目的和诉求。只有通过对马克思国家观的哲学基础、国家的形成和发展阶段、国家的本质及国家消亡的过渡性分析，才能揭示出马克思关于国家问题的核心思想，从而展现出对现代国家治理的重大意义。
The theory of national governance in Xi Jinping thought on socialism with Chinese characteristicsfor a new era is based on the Marxist outlook on the state，which is the major component of Marx’s view onhistory. The research and criticism on the issue of the state is not only the necessary step in the transformationof his philosophical outlook and the essential link in the establishment of his practical materialism，but alsoconstitutes the decisive factor in the construction of his sociological thought and political theory. If Marx’scriticism of Hegel’s outlook on the state and philosophy of right in his early years can be regarded as an attemptto establish his own philosophical position and build a secure philosophical foundation for his later sociologicalcritiques，then his research after 1845 displays clear political purposes and pursuits. Only through analyzingthe philosophical foundation of Marx’s outlook on the state and his theory on the formation，development，essence and death of the state can we reveal his core thought on the issue of the state and then bring to light itssignificance for the governance of a modern country