“以”字处置式研究

“以”字处置式形成于先秦时期，它的形成经历了“连动式―工具式―处置式”三个阶段。在连动式“以动词+N1+V+N2”中，当“以”表示“使用”义时，“N1”可以理解为“V+N2”凭借的工具，因此“以”逐渐语法化为工具介词。在工具式“以介词+N1+V+N2”中，“以介词+N1”可以看做是对“N1”的强调，由此“以”可以理解为焦点标记，在双宾语句式的影响下，形成“以”字处置式。由于“以”字处置式是由“以”字工具式演变而来，因此“以”字式具有多义性，影响了“以”字处置式的发展，从而为“将/把”广义处置式的形成提供了可能。一、 引言处置式是汉语中特有的一种语法现
The disposal construction with yi以 in Mandarin Chinese was formed in the pre-Qin period. Itsformation experienced three stages: i.e. from serial verb construction to instrumental construction to disposalconstruction. In the serial verb construction“ yiverb+N1+V+N2”, when the verb yi means“ use”, N1 canbe understood as an instrument involved in the action indicated by“ V+N2”, and then yi was graduallygrammaticalized from a verb into an instrumental preposition. In the instrumental construction“ yipre+N1+V+N2”,yi can be regarded as a focus marker of N1. Under the influence of the double object construction, theinstrumental construction with yi as a focus marker then developed into a disposal construction. Because thedisposal construction involving yi evolved from the instrumental construction with yi, the meaning of yi isambiguous in that it can be either an instrumental preposition or a disposal preposition. This ambiguity hinderedthe development of the disposal construction with yi, thus making it possible to be replaced by the generalizeddisposal constructions involving jiang 将 and ba 把