“人心”与“力量”：统一战线的政治使命与治理功能――兼论新时代统一战线工作的着力点

统一战线作为不同社会政治力量围绕一定的共同目标并且在共同利益基础上结成的政治联盟，是中国共产党在中国革命中克敌制胜的“三大法宝”之一。在中国特色社会主义新时代，统一战线依然是中国共产党执政兴国的重要法宝。“人心向背、力量对比是决定党和人民事业的关键，是最大的政治”这一科学论断阐明了统一战线工作的战略地位。基于统一战线工作“大团结大联合”的本质要求，可以认为，其所要解决的就是政治上的“人心”和治理中的“力量”问题。统一战线工作“凝聚人心”的政治使命主要在于夯实共同的政治基础、凝聚最大的政治共识和巩固广泛的政治联盟。在国家治理现代化进程中，统一战线具有多中心治理功能、协商式治理功能和网络化治理功能。新时代统一战线工作的着力点主要在于加强思想政治引领、加大政策宣传力度和加快队伍建设步伐。
The United Front, as a political alliance formed by different socio-political forces around certaincommon goals and based on common interests, is one of the“ three magic weapons” for the Communist Partyof China to defeat the enemy in the Chinese revolution. In the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the United Front is still an importan“t magic weapon” for the Party to govern China and rejuvenate the Chinesenation. The scientific understanding that“ the support from the people and the balance of forces are the keyto the cause of the Party and the people, and therefore is the greatest politics” illustrates the strategic positionof the United Front. Based on the essential requirements of“ great unity and great union” in the united frontwork, it can be accepted that what it wants to solve is the source of political“ support” and the“ force” ingovernance. The political mission of the United Front is to consolidate the common political foundation, forgethe biggest political consensus and strengthen the extensive political alliance. In the process of modernizingthe state governance, the United Front has the functions of polycentric governance, deliberative governanceand networked governance. The focus of the united front work in the new era is to strengthen ideological andpolitical guidance, to enhance the publicity of relevant policies and to speed up team construction