非虚构性及历史性：“论诗及事”诗话的叙事考察

叙事是“论诗及事”诗话的基本表述方式，此类诗话以“非虚构”叙事、“小叙事”和“历史性”叙事为主，与小说、传奇、野史等有很大不同，对事件细节、情节不作过多铺叙，呈现碎片化叙事特质，从“见证者”视角叙事。“论诗及事”诗话追忆诗事，记录古诗生长的语境及存在状态，诗话之“事”可将读者带至古诗产生时的历史空间，对古诗历史时空场景还原具有重要的价值和意义。阐释古诗若过于强调审美性、注重诗歌内部结构分析就容易造成脱离历史语境的“误读”，或作品阐释的自我封闭，或脱离文本的过度阐释
Narration is the basic form of the type of shihua 诗话（ literally remarks on poetry） whichincorporates into the poetic criticism a narrative of the story related to the writing of the poem atissue. This type of shihua is characterized by nonfictional and historical narratives of small incidentsconcerning the poems at issue. The narratives in shihua，differing from those in novels，legends andanecdotal history，usually offer a fragmentary rather than a detailed description of the story from theperspective of a witness. The function of such narratives is to help the readers trace the process ofhow the poem at issue came into being and keep a record of its developmental context and its state ofexistence. It can bring the readers back to the historical time and space in which the poem was producedand plays a significant role in restoring to the readers the historical time and space embedded in thepoem. More importantly，it can help avoid various misunderstandings of classical poems，which areusually caused by the factors in the appreciation of the poems such as the overemphasis on the aestheticproperty and the inner structure of the poems，the divorce between the poems and their historicalcontext，and the over interpretation of the poetic texts