代谢调控技术在放线菌生物合成抗生素的应用进展

放线菌的次级代谢产物丰富多样，一直是抗生素及其先导化合物的主要来源之一。通过遗传操作来改造放线菌，代谢调控其抗生素的生物合成也是近年来微生物次级代谢的研究热点。结合近年来的研究成果，从调节调控基因表达，增加基因簇拷贝数及基因簇的异源表达，过表达抗性基因和转运基因，提高前体代谢通量和核糖体工程等方面综述了代谢调控技术在放线菌生物合成抗生素的应用进展。
The secondary metabolites of actinomycetes are rich and diverse, which have become important sources of antibiotics and their lead compounds. The study of microbial secondary metabolism is focused on metabolic regulation of antibiotic biosynthesis in actinomycetes by genetic manipulation. On the basis of the advances of recent years, this paper summarizes the application progress of metabolic regulation used for improving biosynthesis of antibiotics in actinomycetes, concluding of regulating the expression of regulatory genes, increasing the copy numbers of gene clusters and heterologous expression, over-expressing the resistance genes and transfer gene, improving precursor metabolic flux, and ribosome engineering