中欧铁路班列在中欧贸易运输中的作用

为明确中欧班列作为独立的洲际贸易运输方式的作用与地位，把中欧间贸易运输的时间划分为在途时间、装卸时间和等待时间，把运输费用划分为运输过程费用、运输期间的库存费用、占用资金的机会成本和货物随时间的贬值成本；然后，基于运输方式划分模型、中欧间贸易货物和贸易运输数据，标定9类中欧间贸易货物的时间价值，并基于敏感性分析研究货物的时间价值及中欧班列发班频率对三种运输方式在9种货物运输市场上的份额影响.计算结果表明，增加发班频率可极大提升中欧班列对纸制品、纺织产品、珠宝类产品和机电类产品的吸引力；植物产品、珠宝类产品和机电类产品时间价值的增加会促使人们更多地使用铁路运输.
This paper aims to explore the roles and status of China Railway Express (CR Express) in Sino-Euro as an independent transcontinent trade transportation mode. The transportation time between China and Europe was divided into three parts, namely transit time, loading and unloading time and waiting time, and the transportation cost was separated into the being paid freight, inventory cost during transportation, opportunity cost and depreciation cost. Then based on the transport mode division model, the trade commodities and trade data between China and Europe, the time value of the 9 types of Sino-Euro trade goods is calibrated, and the influence of the time value of goods and the frequency of Chinese and European classes on the three modes of transport in 9 kinds of freight transport market were studied based on sensitivity analysis. Calculation results show that increasing the frequency of dispatching can greatly enhance the attractiveness of China Railway Express in Sino-Euro for paper products, textile products, jewellery products and electromechanical products. The increase in time value of plant products, jewellery products and electromechanical products will prompt people to make more use of railway transportation.