风帆助航船舶的典型航线可用风力资源分析

根据风帆空气动力学特性、航线、季风风场，提出将典型风帆（翼型帆）的能量转换效果指标——转换系数等值线叠加在风能密度图上的方法，对典型航线上的可用风力资源进行分析.首先, 推导风能密度和翼帆推进力公式，提出推进功转换系数这一参数来评价翼帆对不同特征的风能的利用能力；然后，结合风能特征分布图和转换系数等值线，提出可用风力资源分析方法；最后，以宁波—中东航线为例，使用ECMWF的2014年风场数据对其可用风力资源进行分析计算. 结果显示：船舶航向不同时，中国南海冬季、夏季的可用风力资源差别较大，夏季应采用W-E航向，冬季应采用E-W航向.孟加拉湾、阿拉伯海区域可用风力资源特征相似，夏季采用W-E航向能够更高效地利用风能.
Based on sails aerodynamics characteristics, route and monsoon, the available wind power resources around typical routes were analyzed by superposing conversion factor contour on wind power density nephogram. Firstly，the formula of wind energy density and wing-sail propulsion was derived, and conversion coefficient of propulsive work was put forward to evaluate wing-sail’s ability in using different wind energy. Then, combining the profile of wind power feature with the contour of transformation coefficient，the analytical method of available wind power resources was put forward. Finally, taking NingboMiddle East route as example, the wind data in 2014 from ECMWF was used to analyze and calculate the available wind power resources. Results show that for different ship heading, there is much difference between the winter’s available wind power resources and the summer’s in the South China Sea. The W-E route should be adopted in summer and the E-W route should be adopted in winter. The characteristic of available wind power is similar in the Bay of Bengal and in the Arabian sea area, and it will be more efficiently if W-E route is adopted in summer.