应用恒定范围张力系统的船舶港口系泊安全研究

为研究不同系泊系统对港内船只系泊安全的影响，以总长210 m的集装箱船系泊作业为例，应用时域响应分析方法，分别计算船舶选用传统系泊系统与恒定范围张力系统时，船舶在不同环境载荷、系缆力以及防撞材压力联合作用下的水平横移最大值与系缆力最大值.将同一环境载荷下不同系泊方式对应的船体位移及系缆力进行比较，研究恒定范围张力系统对港口船舶系泊安全的影响，确定该船型船舶的恒定范围张力系统适用的环境载荷条件.结果表明：船体横移最大值以及系缆力最大值均随有义波高增加而增大；此外，恒定范围张力系统可以将船舶系缆力控制在安全范围内；当船舶遭受垂直于港口并指向港口的环境载荷时，随着时间增加，恒定范围张力系统较传统系泊系统可以将船体水平横移限制在更小的变化范围内.当波浪载荷指向港口，并且方向与船首方向夹角为45°或135°时，此时恒定范围张力系统不能起到限制船舶水平横移的作用.
In order to study the influence of different mooring system on mooring safety for the ship in port, taking the total length of 210 m container ship mooring operation as an example, the time domain response analysis method was used to calculate the maximum horizontal displacement and the maximum cable force respectively for traditional mooring system and constant tension mooring system under the joint action of environmental load, mooring cable force and pressure from fenders, and the ship displacement and cable force were compared in different mooring system and same environmental load, and the influence of constant tension mooring system on mooring safety was studied, and the applicable environmental load for constant tension mooring system was determined. Results show that the maximum horizontal displacement and maximum cable force increase with significant wave height. In addition, the constant mooring system can limit cable force in a safe range. When direction of environmental load is perpendicular and point to harbor, constant tension mooring system can limit horizontal displacement in a smaller range than normal mooring system as time goes by. When direction of wave load is point to harbor by an angle of 45° or 135° with prow, the constant tension mooring system cannot limit the horizontal displacement effectively.