水蓄能床与相变蓄能床的性能对比及模拟优化

针对传统供暖方式污染环境、不节能、不安全等弊端，设计了一种新型蓄能床，蓄能介质为高比热的 水和拥有潜热的相变材料. 通过供水温度35℃、40℃和45℃3组实验测量的床面温度和散热量，来比较水蓄 能床和相变蓄能床的热工性能. 结果表明：40℃为最佳供水温度，该温度下水储能和相变储能的床面平均温 度分别为35.3℃和32.9℃，均在人体可适应温度29~37℃范围内，但结合人体舒适温度为30~35℃的特点相变 储能明显优于水储能. 随供水温度的提高，床面升温速度加快，相变床升温变化更显著. 白天水蓄能的床面温 度比相变蓄能高2℃左右，但睡眠阶段相变蓄能热稳定更好. 床面散热量两者相差不多，但夜间相变床存在恒 温放热阶段. 此外，通过模拟相变材料的加热融化过程，分析了管径、供热温度、管间距和相变材料导热系数 对融化速率的影响，结果表明：以上4种因素对融化速率均有不同程度影响，减小管间距和增大导热系数可有 效增大融化速率.
Anewtypeofenergystoragebedisdesignedforsolvingthepollutionoftheenvironment,leakofenergycon? servationandsafetyandotherdefectsintraditionalheating.Waterwithhighspecificheatandphasechangematerial (PCM)withlatentheatareusedtobestoragemedium.ThethermalperformanceofthePCMbedandthewaterbedare comparedbymeasuringthebedtemperatureandheatdissipationbythethreegroupsofwatersupplytemperatureof 35℃,40℃and45℃.Theresultsshowthat40℃isthebestwatersupplytemperature.Atthistemperature,thebedav? eragetemperatureofthewaterstorageandphasechangeenergystorageareabout35.3℃and32.9℃,whichareinhu? manbodyadaptingtemperaturerangeof29-37℃.ButCombinedwithhumancomforttemperature30-35℃,phase changeenergystorageisbetterthanwaterstorage.Withtheincreaseofwatersupplytemperature,theheatingrateofbed increases,andtheheatingchangerateofPCMbedismoresignificant.Duringthedaytime,thebedtemperatureofthewa? terbedis2℃greaterthanthatofthePCMbed,butheatstabilityofthePCMbedisbetterinthesleepstage.Although heatdissipationofthetwobedsisalmostthesame,butthePCMbedposesconstantexothermictemperatureatnight.In addition,theeffectsofdiameter,heatingtemperature,tubespacingandthermalconductivityofPCMonthemeltingrate wereanalyzedbysimulatingtheheatingandmeltingprocessofPCM.Theresultsshowthattheabovefourfactorshave differenteffectsonthemeltingrate,andthereductionofthetubespacingandtheincreaseofthethermalconductivity caneffectivelyincreasethemeltingrate.