Relapsed Pleomorphic Liposarcoma with Mediastinal Metastasis: A Case Report ？and Review of the Literature

Metastatic pleomorphic liposarcoma in the mediastinum is rare, and the current treatments are most of the times ineffective. We hereby report a case with relapsed pleomorphic liposarcoma adjacent to the psoas major muscle and with mediastinal metastasis, to discuss the clinical features and treatment strategies of pleomorphic liposarcoma. The patient’s clinical history, imaging findings, pathological diagnosis, and multidisciplinary treatments were retrospectively analyzed. A 41-year old female patient was diagnosed with pleomorphic liposarcoma adjacent to the psoas major muscle and mediastinal metastasis. After multidisciplinary treatments, including surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy, the patient has survived 65 months until now. Surgical resection is considered as the first choice of the treatment for pleomorphic liposarcoma. Multidisciplinary treatments, including chemotherapy and other medical treatments, are effective to slow the disease progression and to reduce the disease recurrence.