Investigation of Gene Expression Profile of A549 Cells after Overexpression of GPC5 ？by High Throughput Transcriptome Sequencing

Background and objective Glypican-5 (GPC5) is an important tumor suppressor, while little is known about the impact of GPC5 on proliferation ability and gene expression in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. Here, we stably overexpressed GPC5 in A549 cells and investigated the impact of cell proliferation ability and gene expression. Methods A549 cells that stably overexpressed GPC5 were constructed by lentivirus. Cell counter kit 8 (CCK8), colony formation, EdU assay were conducted to analyze cell proliferation ability, and transcriptome sequencing was utilized to investigate gene expression profile. Results CCK8 assay showed that compared with empty vector, overexpression of GPC5 significantly inhibited cell proliferation rate in A549 cells and the number of colony was also decreased (181±17 vs 278±23). EdU assay also confirmed the percentage of positive staining cells decreased after GPC5 overexpression. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that 2,108 genes were differentially expressed after GPC5 overexpression. Among these differentially expressed genes, 47 genes of the Gene Ontology item “positive regulation of cell proliferation” were downregulated. Conclusion Overexpression of GPC5 inhibited proliferation ability in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and genes with the function of “positive regulation of cell proliferation” were downregulated.