洪涝灾害公共卫生风险评估指标体系的构建及应用

目的: 构建洪涝灾害公共卫生风险评估指标体系，为灾害期间公共卫生风险等级评估提供定量化判断依据。方法: 采用德尔菲法和专家会商法构建洪涝灾害公共卫生风险评估相关指标及其评分标准，运用层次分析法获得指标的权重，并进一步应用于安徽省2016年洪涝灾害公共卫生风险评估中。结果: 构建并确定了五大类17个洪涝灾害公共卫生风险评估指标、评分标准及其权重。根据构建的指标体系，2016年安徽省洪涝灾害公共卫生风险总分为0.26分，风险判断结果为"灾害期间卫生应急措施有效，公共卫生风险有效控制"。结论: 本研究构建的洪涝灾害公共卫生风险评估指标体系可为灾害现场开展定量评估提供技术支持，同时也可为其他类型灾害现场评估提供参考。
Abstract: Objective: To establish a public health risk assessment indexes for flood disaster. Methods: Delphi method and expert consultation were used to establish the public health risk assessment index system and scoring criteria, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method was used to obtain the weight of the indexes. Then, the established index system was applied to evaluate the public health risk of the flood disaster in Anhui province, 2016. Results: A public health risk assessment system consisting of 5 categories and 17 indexes was constructed. The assessment result of the flood disaster in Anhui province of 2016 showed that the public health risk score was 0.26, suggesting that "the health emergency measures were effective, and the public health risks were effectively controlled". Conclusion: The established indexes can effectively assess the health risk of flood disaster and also can provide the reference for other disaster assessment. Key words: Natural disasters Public health Risk assessment Delphi technique