明胶微粒粒径及含量对明胶微粒与磷酸钙骨水泥复合人工骨材料修复骨缺损的影响

目的:研究明胶微粒(GP)粒径及明胶与磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)质量配比这两大因素对GP/ CPC复合人工骨材料修复骨缺损的效果。方法:将不同GP粒径(100~200 μm、200~300 μm)及不同GP与CPC配比(5%GP、10%GP)两两配对后制备GP/CPC复合材料,比较GP/CPC复合材料的孔隙率、抗压强度、表面超微结构、体外生物相容性四大理化特性;构建新西兰兔颅骨缺损模型,在相同质控条件下将上述4组GP/CPC复合人工骨材料进行骨缺损填充,观察并比较其骨修复组织学差异及新骨形成率差异。结果:与粒径100~200 μm的GP和5%GP配比组比较,粒径200~300 μm的GP和10%GP配比制备的GP/CPC复合材料具有较大的孔径和较高的孔隙率(P<0.05),且在兔颅骨缺损修复中有更高的新骨形成量(P<0.05);而100~200 μm粒径、5%GP配比组则具有较强的抗压强度(P<0.05)。结论:不同GP粒径和含量的GP/CPC复合材料理化特性和修复骨缺损的效果不同,其中GP 200~300 μm粒径和10%质量比的GP/CPC复合新型材料更具成骨效果。
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the influence of gelatin particle(GP) size and gelatin/calcium phosphate cement(GP/CPC) ratio on repairing potency of comparison artificial bone material. Methods: Composite GP/CPC materials with different GP size(100~200 μm vs. 200~300 μm) and ratio(5% vs. 10%) were prepared. Physiochemical and biological properties, including porosity, resistance to compression, ultrastructure and biocompatibility were compared among 4 groups of GP/CPC materials. Different GP/CPC materials were used to repair the critical-size cranial bone defect in rabbit model, and the histology and newly formed bone inside scaffolds(nBIS) were examined and compared among different groups. Results: GP/CPC with GP of 200~300 μm possessed larger micropores than that with GP of 100~200μm(P<0.05). The GP/CPC containing 10% GP had higher porosity than that containing 5% GP(P<0.05). The animal model study showed that more new bone formed in those defects filled with GP/CPC containing 10% GP with 200~300 μm in size compared with GP/CPC containing 5% GP with 100~200 μm in size(P<0.05). While GP/CPC containing 5%GP with 100~200 μm in size showed a higher level of resistance to compression. Conclusion: Both the particle size of GP and its ratio in the GP/CPC affect the properties of the composite biomaterials and their role in bone repairing. In particular, the GP/CPC containing 10% GP with 200~300 μm in size is most suitable for repairing critical-size cranial bone defect in animal model. Key words: Gelatin/therapeutic use Microspheres Bone cements/therapeutic use Calcium phosphates/therapeutic use Biocompatible materials/therapeutic use Skull/injuries Skull/surgery