外泌体在心血管疾病诊疗中的作用研究进展

外泌体是内吞作用起源的脂质微囊泡，其内容物含微小RNA、mRNA转录本、蛋白质和脂质等。外泌体的分泌过程与细胞生理、病理条件密切相关，不同生理和病理状态下外泌体内容物成分会发生应激性变化。因此，心血管疾病发生过程中产生的外泌体内容物成分可以作为疾病状态判断的标志物。此外，不同细胞来源的外泌体还能够在动脉粥样硬化、心肌梗死、缺血再灌注损伤等心血管疾病的治疗中发挥重要作用。本文综述了外泌体在心血管疾病诊断与治疗中的应用和作用机制研究进展，为外泌体在心血管疾病中的应用提供依据。
Abstract: Exosome is a specific subset of vesicles from intracellular origin vesicles containing varies of microRNAs, mRNAs, proteins and lipids. It has been demonstrated that contents of exosomes could be altered due to different physiological and pathological stress, which could be used as clinical biomarker to reveal the disease state. In addition, according to previous studies, exosomes could exert protective roles for cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and ischemia/reperfusion injury, etc. The aim of this review is to summarize current research progress on exosomes, related implications in diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases and corresponding mechanisms. Key words: Exosomes Cardiovascular diseases/diagnosis Cardiovascular diseases/therapy MicroRNAs Stem cells Review