中性粒细胞在哮喘中作用的研究进展

哮喘是一种常见的具有异质性的慢性呼吸道疾病。近年来研究发现，在急性哮喘、持续性哮喘特别是一些糖皮质激素治疗无效的哮喘亚型中，中性粒细胞引起的气道炎症起主导作用。中性粒细胞在哮喘中的作用比较复杂，它可以通过释放一系列的细胞因子及炎症介质参与哮喘的病理过程。大量证据表明，中性粒细胞气道炎症是由辅助性T细胞（Th）17细胞和Th1细胞所调控，而不依赖于Th2细胞。现就中性粒细胞在哮喘中的作用，以及针对中性粒细胞性哮喘在新型小分子药物和生物制剂领域的治疗方法的研究进展加以综述。
Abstract: Asthma is a phenotypically heterogeneous chronic disease of the airways. Studies have found that neutrophils are crucial to airway inflammation in acute asthma, persistent asthma, particularly in asthma of poor response to glucocorticoid treatment. The role of neutrophils in development of bronchial asthma is complex, as they can release a potent source of cytokines and inflammatory mediators participating in asthma. Differing from eosinophilic inflammatory asthma, neutrophilic inflammatory asthma is not depend on helper T (Th)2 cells, but may be related to Th1 and Th17 cells. This review highlights the role of neutrophils in the development of asthma, and the treatment of neutrophilic asthma with biological agents and novel small molecules. Key words: Asthma/physiopathology Neutrophils/physiology Helper T cell Review