金属熔融涂覆成形薄壁件表面形貌与工艺

针对现有金属增材制造设备昂贵、成形效率低等问题，提出金属熔融涂覆增材制造（MFCAM）.以锡铅合金为原料，开展基础工艺实验，研究流量、成形速度和层厚对多层单道成形件表面形貌特征的影响规律.通过统计分析影响因素，提高成形件表面质量，采用显微图像观察，结合波纹度对多层单道试件层间结合状态进行评估.研究结果表明，金属熔融涂覆增材制造成形效率为50 mm3/s，成形件表面波纹度的轮廓算术平均偏差为0.944 8，证明了MFCAM新工艺的可行性及高效性.
Abstract: A novel method of metal fused-coating additive manufacturing (MFCAM) was proposed aiming at the high cost and low forming efficiency of the existing metal additive manufacturing equipment. Sn63-Pb37 alloy was used in this basic experiment, and the influences of flow rate, deposition speed and layer thickness on the surface morphology characteristics of multi-layer single pass specimen were analyzed. The surface quality of formed parts was improved through the analysis on these process parameters. The bonding state between layers of multi-layer single pass specimen was evaluated combined with waviness by using microscopic image observation. The forming efficiency can reach 50 mm3/s, and the arithmetical mean deviation of the cross-section profile is 0.944 8. The feasibility and efficiency of the MFCAM technology were verified.