结合组织工程支架的三维心肌细胞传感器

以聚乳酸（PLA）和聚己内酯（PCL）为材料，通过三维（3D）打印和静电纺丝技术，制造组织工程支架，用于培养新生大鼠心肌细胞.将培养了心肌细胞的支架耦合在微电极阵列（MEA）芯片表面构建三维细胞传感器，用于检测心肌细胞的胞外场电位（EFP）信号.实验结果表明，心肌细胞在PLA/PCL支架上附着和生长情况良好，由于兴奋-收缩耦联，能够带动纤维丝产生联合搏动.48 h后，支架上心肌细胞的搏动速率趋于稳定.细胞电位检测结果表明，细胞支架与MEA芯片耦合良好，形成三维细胞传感系统，能够检测到支架内心肌细胞的胞外场电位，输出稳定、高信噪比的信号，且EFP信号幅值和发放速率与传统二维培养方法所记录到的信号相似.
Abstract: Polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) were selected as materials to fabricate tissue engineering scaffolds by three-dimensional (3D) printing and electrospinning, which were used to culture cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats. Then the scaffolds with cardiomyocytes were coupled with microelectrode array (MEA) to form a 3D cell-based biosensor, which was used to detect the extracellular field potential (EFP) of cardiomyocytes. The experimental results demonstrated that cardiomyocytes adhered and grew well in scaffolds, and could drive fibers to produce combined beating due to the excitation-contraction coupling. After 48 hours, the beating rate of cardiomyocytes in the scaffolds tended to be stable. The detecting results demonstrated that scaffolds and MEA were coupled well to be a 3D cell-based biosensor system, which could detect the EFP of cardiomyocytes in scaffolds with stable and high-SNR signals. The EFP amplitude and firing rate were both similar to the signals recorded from traditional two-dimensional (2D) culturing method.