增材制造可降解人工骨的研究进展——从外形定制到性能定制

频繁的创伤、肿瘤切除等引起的骨缺损导致人们对人工骨的需求大大增加，可降解人工骨越来越受到研究人员的重视.结合课题组在过去5年的研究，回顾骨修复材料的背景和发展现状，总结无机骨修复材料（生物活性陶瓷）和骨修复支架的制造方法，尤其是基于增材制造（3D打印）的方法.重点阐述3D打印可降解人工骨用于骨组织修复及再生在力学性能、成骨性能、降解性能和生物活性等几个方面的研究现状，并对可降解人工骨的未来发展方向作了展望.目前人工骨定制已经从简单的形状定制逐步过渡到骨性能定制，人工骨的个性化定制将是今后的研究重点.
Abstract: The demand for artificial bone is increasing rapidly with the bone defect caused by frequent trauma and tumor resection. Degradable artificial bones have received significant attention in the past several years. Review the background and development status of the bone repair materials, integrated with our team's researches in the past five years. Summarize the inorganic material (bioceramics) and the domestic and international manufacturing methods about the bone repair scaffold, especially the additive manufacturing (3D printing). Focus on the mechanical properties, osteogenic capacity, degradation properties and bioactivity of the 3D printed degradable artificial bone, and discuss in a forward-looking perspective for degradable artificial bone. At present, the customization of artificial bone has transformed from geometric shape to property; personalized customization of artificial bone will be the research hotspot in future.